Herbert Kroemer

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Herbert Kroemer (German: [ˈhɛʁbɛʁt ˈkʁøːmɐ] ; August 25, 1928 – March 8, 2024) was a German–American physicist who, along with Zhores Alferov, received the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics "for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics." Kroemer was Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara. His research into transistors was a stepping stone to the later development of mobile phone technologies.